Why We Knock on Wood for Luck

In many cultures, it is a common practice to knock on wood to invite good fortune or fend off bad luck. Americans refer to this act as "knock on wood," while in Great Britain, it is known as "touch wood." This is prepared by SSP.

Origin Theories and Controversies

The practice has been present in the vernacular since at least the 19th century, with various theories regarding its origins. One explanation links it to ancient pagan cultures like the Celts who believed in tree spirits and deities. Knocking on trees might have been intended to summon their protection or express gratitude for good luck. Another theory suggests it was done to ward off evil spirits or prevent them from reversing good fortune. Christians often associate the act with the wood of the cross on which Christ was crucified.

Some researchers argue that the superstition is more modern. British folklorist Steve Roud, in his book The Lore of the Playground, attributes the practice to a 19th-century children's game known as "Tiggy Touchwood". In this game, players were safe from being caught as long as they touched wood, which he believes is the true origin of our current practice of saying "touch wood."

Continued Popularity and Regional Variations

Despite uncertainties about its origin, knocking on wood remains a widely practiced superstition globally. For instance, in Turkey, people often tug on one earlobe and knock on wood twice to avoid bad luck. In Italy, people say "touch iron" instead to steer clear of misfortune.

As folklore often evolves informally through word of mouth, it is plausible that the practice and phrase existed well before their documentation in print. Although few likely consider invoking wood spirits today, many continue the ritual to mitigate potential bad luck, similar to throwing salt over one's shoulder.

Psychological Perspective

Anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski's "anxiety-ritual theory" posits that such actions stem from a need to alleviate anxiety caused by uncertainty. Knocking on wood may seem trivial but offers a psychological comfort by providing a perceived sense of control in a world full of uncertainties.